Mechanism — enzyme
Sirtuins (SIRT1-7)
NAD+-dependent deacylases governing cellular stress.
A family of seven NAD+-consuming enzymes that deacetylate histones, transcription factors, and metabolic enzymes. SIRT1 and SIRT6 are central to DNA repair and longevity biology; SIRT3 governs mitochondrial acetylation; SIRT2 and SIRT5-7 have tissue-specific roles.
Precursors that interact with Sirtuins (SIRT1-7)
NMN
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
The direct precursor with dedicated intestinal transport
NR
Nicotinamide Riboside
The first orally bioavailable NAD+ precursor to reach market
NAD+
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
The end-state coenzyme — administered directly in clinical IV
Nam
Nicotinamide
The cheap, flush-free B3 that most Nam → NAD+ routes lead to
NA
Niacin
The Preiss-Handler route — the flushing cousin of Nam
Related benefits
Longevity & Healthy Aging
Cellular senescence, lifespan, and healthspan markers
Cognitive Function
Neuroprotection and memory in aging brains
Metabolic Health
Insulin sensitivity, lipids, and body composition
DNA Repair & Genomic Stability
PARP activation and base excision repair
Muscle Performance
Mitochondrial biogenesis and endurance
Cardiovascular Health
Endothelial function and arterial stiffness
Immune Function
CD38, T-cell metabolism, and immunosenescence
Sleep & Circadian Rhythm
BMAL1/CLOCK-NAMPT loop and sirtuin-driven circadian control
Inflammation & Inflammaging
CD38, SIRT1/SIRT6, and chronic low-grade inflammation
Exercise Performance
PGC-1α-SIRT1 axis and NAD+ kinetics with training
Liver & Hepatic Metabolism
NAFLD/MASLD, alcohol metabolism, and SIRT1 in the liver
Fertility & Reproductive Aging
Oocyte quality, maternal aging, and NAD+ rescue